Influence of COVID-19 on the notification of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis cases.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the process of diagnosis and monitoring of drug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) cases reported in the state of Paraná, Brazil, from 2015 to 2020. METHODS: Ecological study with quantitative approach. This study was based on diagnosed cases of pulmonary TB reported in the Notifiable Disease Information System in residents of Paraná; as well as through the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state epidemiological bulletin for the year 2020. The study data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: It was found that, although the number of reported pulmonary TB cases (drug-resistant and general) increased between 2015 and 2019, there was a drop in notification in 2020, the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. The notification of TB cases was also influenced monthly during the year according to the increase in the number of COVID-19 cases. For cases of drug-resistant pulmonary TB, the provision of diagnostic tests and Directly Observed Treatment decreased by more than half in 2020, especially when compared to 2019. CONCLUSIONS: In view of these findings, the influence of COVID-19 on the diagnosis and monitoring of drug-resistant and general pulmonary TB cases is evident, showing that the pandemic has compromised the advances of recent decades in achieving the goals established for its eradication by 2035.

Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: sociodemographic and clinical profile in Brazilian municipalities.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of tuberculosis cases with Diabetes Mellitus in Brazilian municipalities in the states of São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Norte. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study, whose population consisted of tuberculosis cases notified between 2010 and 2014. Data were collected from secondary sources. In the data analysis, descriptive analysis and multiple correspondence analysis techniques were used. RESULTS: The prevalence of diabetes among tuberculosis cases ranged from 4.5% to 13.4% in the municipalities. Evidence of an association was observed between tuberculosis/diabetes comorbidity and female population, age of 61 years or more, low schooling, negative HIV/AIDS, longer treatment time, self-administered treatment and cure. CONCLUSION: The study showed a greater cure outcome in the profile of people with tuberculosis/diabetes comorbidity, even among those on a self-administered regime, which could favor the development of specific guidelines for the management of tuberculosis in these people.

Tuberculosis and diabetes mellitus: sociodemographic and clinical profile in Brazilian municipalities / Tuberculosis y diabetes mellitus: perfil sociodemográfico y clínico en municipios brasileños / Tuberculose e diabetes mellitus: perfil sociodemográfico e clínico em municípios brasileiros

ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the sociodemographic and clinical profile of tuberculosis cases with Diabetes Mellitus in Brazilian municipalities in the states of São Paulo, Paraná and Rio Grande do Norte. Method This is a cross-sectional study, whose population consisted of tuberculosis cases notified between 2010 and 2014. Data were collected from secondary sources. In the data analysis, descriptive analysis and multiple correspondence analysis techniques were used. Results The prevalence of diabetes among tuberculosis cases ranged from 4.5% to 13.4% in the municipalities. Evidence of an association was observed between tuberculosis/diabetes comorbidity and female population, age of 61 years or more, low schooling, negative HIV/AIDS, longer treatment time, self-administered treatment and cure. Conclusion The study showed a greater cure outcome in the profile of people with tuberculosis/diabetes comorbidity, even among those on a self-administered regime, which could favor the development of specific guidelines for the management of tuberculosis in these people.

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar el perfil sociodemográfico y clínico de los casos de tuberculosis con Diabetes Mellitus en municipios de tres estados brasileños. Método Estudio transversal, cuya población consistió en casos de tuberculosis notificados entre 2010 y 2014. Se recopilaron datos de fuentes secundarias. En el análisis de datos, se utilizaron análisis descriptivos y técnicas de análisis de correspondencia múltiple. Resultados La prevalencia de diabetes entre los casos de tuberculosis osciló entre el 4,5% y el 13,4%. Se observaron pruebas de una asociación entre la comorbilidad de la tuberculosis/diabetes y la población femenina, edad de 61 años o más, baja escolarización, VIH/SIDA negativo, tiempo de tratamiento más largo, tratamiento autoadministrado y curación. Conclusión El estudio mostró un mayor porcentaje de resultado cura en el perfil de las personas con tuberculosis/diabetes, incluso entre los que están en régimen autoadministrado, lo que puede favorecer el desarrollo de directrices específicas para el manejo de la tuberculosis en estas personas.

RESUMO Objetivo Analisar o perfil sociodemográfico e clínico dos casos de tuberculose com Diabetes Mellitus em municípios brasileiros dos estados de São Paulo, Paraná e Rio Grande do Norte. Método Estudo transversal, cuja população constituiu de casos de tuberculose notificados entre os anos de 2010 a 2014. Foram coletados dados de fontes secundárias. Na análise dos dados, foram utilizadas técnicas de análise descritiva e análise de correspondência múltipla. Resultados A prevalência de diabetes entre os casos de tuberculose variou de 4,5% a 13,4% nos municípios. Foram observadas evidências de associação entre comorbidade tuberculose/diabetes e população feminina, idade de 61 anos ou mais, baixa escolaridade, HIV/Aids negativo, maior tempo de tratamento, tratamento autoadministrado e cura. Conclusão Estudo mostrou maior desfecho cura no perfil das pessoas com comorbidade tuberculose/diabetes mesmo entre aquelas em regime autoadministrado, o que poderia favorecer a elaboração de diretrizes específicas para o manejo da tuberculose nessas pessoas.

[Delay in the search for health services for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo]. / Atraso na busca por serviço de saúde para o diagnóstico da tuberculose em Ribeirão Preto (SP).

The scope of this paper is to analyze delays in locating health services for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in Ribeirao Preto in 2009. An epidemiological and cross-sectional study was conducted with 94 TB patients undergoing treatment. A structured questionnaire, based on the Primary Care Assessment Tool adapted for TB care was used. A median (15 days or more) was established to characterize delay in health attendance. Using the Prevalence Ratio, the variables associated with longer delay were identified. The first healthcare services sought were the Emergency Services (ES) (57.5%). The longest period between seeking assistance occurred among males, aged between 50 and 59, who earned less than five minimum wages, had pulmonary TB, were new cases, were not co-infected with TB/HIV, did not consume alcohol, had satisfactory knowledge about TB before diagnosis (with a statistically significant association with delay) and who did not seek healthcare close to home before developing TB. There is a perceived need for training healthcare professionals about the signs and symptoms of the disease, reducing barriers of access to timely diagnosis of TB and widely disseminating it to the community in general.